E-commerce, or electronic commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet. It encompasses a wide range of online transactions, from retail and wholesale sales to digital products and services. E-commerce platforms allow businesses to reach a global audience, streamline their sales processes, and provide customers with the convenience of shopping from anywhere at any time.

The core of e-commerce involves online storefronts where consumers can browse product listings, read reviews, and make purchases using various payment methods. These platforms often integrate with inventory management systems, payment gateways, and shipping solutions to ensure a seamless shopping experience. E-commerce sites also leverage data analytics to personalize customer interactions, optimize marketing strategies, and improve overall sales performance.

In addition to traditional retail, e-commerce includes various models such as subscription services, digital marketplaces, and dropshipping. The growth of e-commerce has been driven by advancements in technology, increased internet penetration, and changing consumer preferences for convenience and accessibility. As the industry continues to evolve, businesses are increasingly adopting innovative solutions like artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and blockchain to enhance their online presence and stay competitive in a dynamic market.